LINE: A point in motion. The element of form which is primarily understood in terms of its length
LINEAR: Of or relating to a line or lines
DIRECTION: Implied movement
CONTINUITY: Linear flow
REAL LINE: An existing line, matter aligned upon an axis
IMPLIED LINE: A non-existent line activating empty space, implied by the directional interaction of other lines. Lines that are suggested by the positions of shapes or objects within a design
CONTOUR: The edge or line that defines or bounds the inner and outer edges of a form and suggests three-dimensionally
PRIMARY CONTOUR: Outer edges
SECONDARY CONTOUR: Created by internal edges
PLANE: The element of form which can be described in 2 dimensions, characterized by surface
PLANAR: Of or relating to a plane or planes
REAL PLANE: An existing plane, matter distributed upon a surface
IMPLIED PLANE: A non-existent plane activating empty space, implied by the directional interaction of lines
SURFACE: The planar areas of an object which are exposed to the viewer
FORM/SHAPE: The total visual appearance of a 3-D object, or parts of it
ORGANIC/BIOMORPHIC: Irregular, uneven shapes that have structure without angularity that visually suggests nature or natural forces
GEOMETRIC: A 3-D form derived from or suggested of geometry (cubes, spheres, tetrahedron, etc.)
FIGURATIVE/ANTHROPOMORPHIC: Shapes or forms representing the human figure
STATIC: Without movement
DYNAMIC: Energetic, vigorous, forceful; creating or suggesting change or motion
GESTURE: The underlying sense of movement or overall expressive qualities of an object
Kinetic Sculpture
FUNCTION: An object that requires a specific purpose
MASS: A solid 3-D form. The perceived weight or density of an object (affected by visual density, value, material, surface characteristics, and spatial orientation)
REAL MASS: The real weight of an object (e.g. a steel cube)
IMPLIED MASS: The implied weight of an object (paper cube painted to look like steel)
SPATIAL ORIENTATION: Relationship of an object to the ground plane and other objects
VOLUME: Defined or coherent space that can be described in 3-Dimensions. Enclosed capacity
of an empty form
IMPLIED VOLUME: Space- not occupied by matter- sensed as coherent and resulting from the interaction of surrounding elements of form, usually planes. (can also be referred to as Negative Space)
REAL VOLUME: Matter occupying space. (can also be referred to as Positive Shape)
VOLUMETRIC: Of or relating to a volume or volumes
SPACE: The 3-D field in which the artist works, an area within or around an area of substance
Negative Space_____________________________ Positive Space
NEGATIVE: A clearly defined area around a positive shape or form
POSITIVE: An area of physical substance in a 3-D Design
ACTIVATED SPACE: The area controlled by a physical object, including its physical
volume or mass and the surrounding or enclosed space
TEXTURE: The tactile surface characteristics of a 3-D object that are either felt or perceived visuallyREAL TEXTURE: Texture that is inherent to the material (e.g. the bark of a tree)
APPLIED TEXTURE: Texture that is added to an existing object (e.g. tool marks on a piece of wood)
This sculpture looks like the texture would feel like plastic, but it is made of marble
COLOR: An aspect of surface which can obscure or reveal the nature of material.
REAL COLOR: The natural, inherent color of a material (e.g. the rust color of steel)
APPLIED COLOR: Color that is added to a surface artificially, concealing or changing its original color (e.g. a painted steel sculpture).
HUE: The name of the color (red or yellow) that distinguishes it from all the others and assigns it a position in the visual spectrum
VALUE: The relative lightness or darkness of a color
INTENSITY: The purity or saturation of a color (fire engine red-high, brick red-low)SATURATION: The purity, chroma, or intensity of a color
GRADATION: Any gradual transition from one color to another or one form to another
VALUE: The relative lightness or darkness of a surface
SCALE: Size relative to other elements within or outside of an object. It is also a physical measurement, and a way of relating forms by comparison (hand-held, human scale, or monumental)
TANGIBILITY: The substantiality of an object or the degree to which an object or a force can
be felt
TIME: Movement, or change in an object over a period of time
TRANSITION: Process of changing from one state or form to another (smooth to rough surface)
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